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sir please give a brief report about london olympics 2012 and some methods to recycle plastic
The London Olympics 2012 finally ended after a grand closing ceremony at the Olympics stadium on Sunday 2012. The 17-Day event witnessed various new records and a list of memorable moments. About 10,820 athletes from 204 nations participated in the 302 events in 26 Sports.

The 2012 London Olympics officially kicked off on 27th of July in a Royal style with the world witnessing the greatest ceremony of all times. English film director and producer Danny Boyle directed the opening ceremony of the games which was named as Isles of Wonder. Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the Olympic games.

The 2012 Olympic games were special as it was for the first time that every nation and sport included female competitors. Saudi Arabia, Brunei and Qatar were a part of history as they included female athletes in their squad for first times.

Jamaican Sprinter Usain Bolt with his signature pose.American swimmer Michael Phelps and Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt  emerged as legends during the Olympic games. Michael Phelps retired with the title - "The most decorated Olympian of all times" with winning in all 22 medals at Olympics including 18 Gold, 2 Silver and 2 bronze medals. During London Olympics Phelps won 4 Gold and 2 silver medals.
Another star of the games was Usain Bolt who became the first athlete to retain all three sprinting gold medals at consecutive Olympics including 100m,200m and 4×100m relay Gold. Bolt won the 100m Gold in 9.63 seconds, setting up a new Olympic record. Also in the 4×100m relay he along with his relay runners Nesta Carter, Michael Frater and Yohan Blake set a new World record by completing the race in 36.84 seconds.

Also the one memorable moment in the London Olympics was when Sarah Attar the one of 2 females included in the Saudi Arabian delegation. Sarah competed in the Heat 6 of the women's 800m. Despite of finishing 45 seconds slower than winner of the heat hundreds of spectators at the stadium stood on their feet and applauded Sarah as she crossed the finish line.


Mechanical recycling of plastics :

Mechanical recycling of plastics refers to processes which involve the melting, shredding or granulation of waste plastics. Plastics must be sorted prior to mechanical recycling. Mostly, sorting is done manually. Recently, technology is being introduced to sort plastics automatically, using various techniques such as X-ray fluorescence, infrared and near infrared spectroscopy, electrostatics and flotation. Following sorting, the plastic is either melted down directly and molded into a new shape, or melted down after being shredded into flakes and than processed into granules called re-granulate.

d. Chemical or feedstock recycling – Feedstock recycling describes a range of plastic recovery techniques to make plastics, which break down polymers into their constituent monomers, which in turn can be used again in refineries, or petrochemical and chemical production. A range of feedstock recycling technologies is currently being explored. These include: (i) Pyrolysis, (ii) Hydrogenation, (iii) Gasification and (iv) Thermal cracking.


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