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what is Proto-industrilisation?
what is Proto-industrilisation?
Proto-industrialization (also spelled proto-industrialisation) is a possible phase in the development of modern industrial economies that preceded, and created conditions for, the establishment of fully industrial societies. Proto-industrialization was marked by the increasing involvement of agrarian families in market-oriented craft production, mainly through the putting-out system organized by merchant capitalists. It was an effective method of production which was controlled by merchants and had links to developing European consumerism. However, the phase was not observed across Europe, and nor did it always meet with smooth transition into the Industrial Revolution proper. The term was coined by F. F. Mendels in 1972. The applicability of proto-industrialization in Europe has since been challenged.


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