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WHAT IS PROTONATION?PLEASE EXPLAIN WITH A DIAGRAM.
In chemistry, protonation is the addition of a proton (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming the conjugate acid.Some classic examples include

    the protonation of water by sulfuric acid:
\mathrm{H_2SO_4\ +\ H_2O\ \rightleftharpoons \ H_3O^+\ +\ HSO_4^-}
the protonation of isobutene in the formation of a carbocation:
\mathrm{(CH_3)_2C}=\mathrm{CH_2\ +\ HBF_4\ \rightleftharpoons \ (CH_3)_3C^+\ +\ BF_4^-}
 the protonation of ammonia in the formation of ammonium chloride from ammonia and hydrogen chloride:
\mathrm{NH_3\ +\ HCl\ \rightleftharpoons \ NH_4^+\ +\ Cl^-}

   


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