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Using Lewis symbols a)How can predict their group and period b)How we identify which are likely to form ions and how we can predict the charge of ion
Lewis Dot Structure

We know, bonding between molecules / atoms are just by the valence electrons. We already learned that atoms will ionize and transfer electrons (ionic bonds) or share electrons (covalent bonds) in order to reach Noble gas electronic configuration (octet:8 electrons in which 2 in 's' orbitals and 6 in 'p' orbitals)

Prediction of group and Period using dot structure:

       In Main group elements, the number of valence electrons is the same as the group 'A' number.
           ie, All group 1 A elements have one valence. Similarly Group 2A have 2 valence electrons and so on. The picture below shows the Lawn dot structure for the elements in period.
 
Lewis dot structure for ions and simple compounds.
 
In Nacl, the dot diagram is
 
sodium ion one valence electron is gone, for chloride, 8 dots are there which means when it ionizes chloride has one extra electron. the brackets and charges around the symbol indicate that
a) ions in the compound   b)and change of the ion.


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