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what will happen when the sun goes out

If you put a steamy cup of coffee in the refrigerator, it wouldn't immediately turn cold likewise if the sun simply "turned off" (which is actually physically impossible), the Earth would stay warm—at least compared with the space surrounding it—for a few million years.
Effects
Within a week, the average global surface temperature would drop below 0°F. In a year, it would dip to –100°. The top layers of the oceans would freeze over that ice would insulate the deep water below and prevent the oceans from freezing solid for hundreds of thousands of years. Millions of years after that, our planet would reach a stable –400°, the temperature at which the heat radiating from the planet's core would equal the heat that the Earth radiates into space.


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