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 The major components of population like its birth rate, death rate, migration helps us to analyse and understand various problems associated with it. It is the combination of these three processes leads to fluctuations in population size and its growth rate.

A. For example, increase in birth rate changes the population composition.

B. The rise in population can be attributed to increase in birth rate. In India birth rates have always been on a higher side, due to lack of awareness of family planning, illiteracy.

C. There has been a decline in the death rates due to better health facilities etc

D. In India, Census provides information about demographics as well as socio-economic data which is important in the formulation of policies. It gives important information pertaining to Size and distribution of population Growth and change in population Characteristics of population that include age and sex composition and socio-economic data including literacy, occupation and access to infrastructure.

E. In this way it helps to identify the vulnerable groups who require greater support from government sponsored programmes.

F. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.

G. In India, the rural-urban migration has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of population in cities and towns.

H. The urban population has increased from 17.29 per cent of the total population in 1951 to 27.78 per cent in 2001.

I. A society with too many under 15’s implies increase in the number of dependents whereas one with less under 15’s would mean less dependents. However, increase in the old population will also increase the number of dependents.