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what is meant by electronic configuration ?

The arrangement of electrons in the shell of an atom can be represented as electronic configuration. 

For Example; 

Na has an atomic no. 11
So it has 11 protons, neutrons and electrons.
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus collectively called nucleons.
Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit called shell. 
There are K,L,M,N,O..... shells and each shell occupies a particular no. of electrons.
K occupies 2  electrons
L = 8 
M = 18
N = 32 
O = 50 and so on. 

Now the electronic configuration of Na is 2,8,1
                                                          [ Shell:  K,L,M ]


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