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what is the germination of a seed?

When a seed starts to grow, we say it germinates.
All seeds need adequate oxygen, water, and the right temperature for germination. There is an activation of enzymes, increase in respiration, and plant cells get duplicated. A chain of chemical changes starts which leads to the development of the plant embryo.
Chemical energy stored in the form of starch is converted to sugar, which serves as food for the embryo during the germination process. Soon, the embryo gets nourished and enlarged, and the seed coat bursts open.
The growing plant emerges out. Tip of the root first emerges, growing downwards, and helps to anchor the seed in place. It also allows the embryo to absorb minerals and water from soil.
The cotyledons store food for the baby plant inside the seed. When the seed starts to germinate, the first thing to come out is the main root. The skin starts to split and the tiny shoot straightens, carrying the cotyledon[s] with it. The main root gets bigger. Side roots appear and so do leaves..


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