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explain about friedalcraft reaction.

Introduction of an alkyl (R-) or an acyl (RCOO -) group into the benzene ring of an aromatic compound in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst (example : anhydrous aluminium chloride or zinc chloride) is known as the Friedel - Crafts' reaction. This reaction may be classified into two types :

(1) Friedel - Crafts' alkylation

Introduction of an alkyl (R-) group into the benzene ring of an aromatic compound by reacting it with a haloalkane in the presence of anhydrous aluminium choride is called Friedel - Craft's alkylation .

(ii) Friedel - Craft acylation : Introduction of an acyl group (RCO-) in the benzene ring of an aromatic compound by treating it with an acylating agent ( example : acid chloride or acid anhydride) in the presence of anhydrous AlCl₃ is called Friedel - Crafts' acylation.