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WHICH IS THE EARLIEST CALCULATING MACHINE
The first step in the direction of automatic calculation was taken in 1623, when the German astronomer Wilhelm Schickard (1592?1635) constructed his "calculating clock", as he called it. This machine was capable of executing all four basic arithmetical operations: addition and subtraction it could perform purely mechanically, while multiplication and division required as well several interventions by the operator between entering the numbers and reading off the result. It used cylindrical elements which operated on the same principles as "Napier's bones".


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