The purpose of a reference group is to serve a(n):
normative function by enforcing standards of conduct and belief
comparison function by serving as a standard against which people can measure themselves and others
elimination function by dissolving groups that no longer have a social purpose
both a and b
The destructive consequences of tensions between in-groups and out-groups are stressed by:
functionalists
conflict theorists
interactionists
classical theorists
In larger groups each person has:
Less time to speak
More points of view to absorb
A more elaborate structure within which to function
All of the above
Which of the following statements about small groups is correct?
All small groups are primary groups.
All small groups are secondary groups
Many small groups differ from primary groups in that they do not necessarily offer the intimate personal relationships characteristic of primary groups.
both b and c
Which of the following have expressed particular concern about the longevity of union leaders, who are not always responsive to the needs and demands of membership?
_______________ groups often emerge in the workplace among those who share special understandings about their occupation.
primary
secondary
out-groups
formal organizations
All of the redheaded people in the United States are an example of a(n):
group
aggregate
category
formal organization
Which pioneer of sociology first directed researchers to the significance of bureaucratic structure?
Émile Durkheim
Max Weber
Karl Marx
Ferdinand Tönnies
When workers organized unions and forced management to recognize that they were not objects, theorists of formal organizations began to revise the:
scientific management approach
human relations approach
None of these
Close friends who have known each other since childhood would be an example of a(n):
primary group
secondary group
out-group
