Which of the following conducted observation research on two groups of high school males-the Saints and the Roughnecks-and concluded that social class played an important role in the varying fortunes of the two groups?
Richard Quinney
Edwin Sutherland
Émile Durkheim
William Chambliss
A useful distinction between conformity and obedience was made by social psychologist:
Stanley Milgram
In Merton's terms, a person who has abandoned the goal of material success and become compulsively committed to the institutional means is a (an):
ritualist
retreatist
rebel
innovator
A burglar who wants to live in the suburbs along with lawyers and stockbrokers will pursue material success by violating the law. In Robert Merton's terms, the burglar is a(n):
Gambling, public drunkenness, prostitution, and smoking marijuana are often considered:
white-collar crimes
violent crimes against people
"victimless" crimes
organized crime
According to Merton, the most common adaptation in the anomie theory of deviance is:
conformity
innovation
ritualism
rebellion
Which one of the following crime rates was higher in the United States than in Europe during the 1980s and 1990s?
murder
rape
robbery
all of the above
Which of the following is a leading exponent of the view that the criminal justice system serves the interests of the powerful?
Which sociological perspective emphasizes that societies literally could not function if massive numbers of people defied standards of appropriate conduct?
functionalist perspective
conflict perspective
interactionist perspective
labeling theory
If we fail to respect and obey social norms, we may face punishment through informal or formal:
techniques of neutralization
deviance
cultural transmission
sanctions