1. What is the advantage of development of health infrastructure ?

  It ensures a country healthy man power for production of goods and services. Mere presence of health infrastructure is not sufficient to have healthy people. It should be accessible to all the people. No individual should fail to secure medical care, curative or preventive because of the inability to pay for it.

2. What is the biomass ?

 It is the production of solid fuel by conversion of  agricultural waste in pellets and briquettes. It is also concerned with production of fuel wood and gasifier engines for lifting water for irrigation and drinking purpose.

3. What is medical tourism ?

  Medical tourism means flocking of foreigners to India for Surgeries, liver transplants, dental and even cosmetic care.

4. What is Health ?

 Health means a state of complete physical, mental and social soundness. It helps indirectly the economic development by supplying active, energetic and healthy working force which activates the entire production process.

5. What are included in Health Infrastructure ?

Health Infrastructure includes hospitals, doctors, nurses, para medical professionals, beds equipments required in hospitals and pharmaceutical industry. Mere presence of health infrastructure is not sufficient to have healthy people. It should be accessible to all people.

6. What is the problem in private sector health services?

Private sector in India grows independently without any major regulation. They are not regulated properly and some private practitioners are not even registered doctors.

7. Why are Punjab and Haryana more advanced in agricultural activities?

 Agriculture depends on the adequate expansion and development of irrigation facilities and its industrial progress depends on the development of power and electricity generation. These facilities are more in Punjab and Haryana. So these states are more advanced in agriculture.

8. What do you mean by the transmission and distribution losses? How can they be reduced?

 The electricity generated by the various power stations is not consumed entirely by ultimate consumers. A part of it is consumed by power stations and auxiliaries while transmitting power, a portion is lost in transmission. It is a great loss to the nation efforts should be made to recover losses by using new technology.

9. What is the role of government in health infrastructure?

 People are entitled health care facilities. It is the responsibility of the government to ensure the right to healthy living. Health Infrastructure included hospitals, doctors, nurses and other paramedical professionals, beds equipments etc. These should be provided by the government. No individual should fail to secure medical care, curative and preventive because of the inability to pay for it.

10. How are the rates of consumption of energy and economic growth connected?

  Electricity is one of the most critical infrastructure that determines economic development of a country. The growth rate of demand for power is generally higher than GDP growth rate. In order to have 8% GDP growth rate per annum, the power supply needs to grow around 12% annually. This show that the rates of consumption of energy and economic growth are connected.

11. What does three - tier system of health infrastructure in India mean?

Three - tier system of health infrastructure in India means health care of primary, secondary and tertiary levels.

12. How are primary health care centers different from secondary health care centers?

 Primary health care centers have been set up in villages and small towns. They are generally managed by a single doctor and a nurse. They have limited medicines. On the other hand secondary health care centers are mostly located in district and big towns. They have better facilities for surgery x - ray , ECG etc. They function both as primary health care provider and also provide better health care facilities.

13. Briefly describe the state of Indian system of medicine.        

 Indian system of medicine includes six systems. Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Naturopathy and Homeopathy (AYUSH). At present there are 3004 ISM hospitals 23,028 dispensaries and as many as 6,11431 registered practitioners in India. There are 439 colleges of ISM in the country out of which 96 colleges have post graduate departments ISM has huge potential and can solve a large part of our health care problem because it is safe and inexpensive.

14. What can ensure additional supply of electricity?

 More public investment, better research and development efforts exploration technological innovation and use of renewable energy sources can ensure additional supply of electricity.

15. What causes more than half of GBD in India?

Communicable diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis cause more than half of GBD in India.

16. What are tertiary health care institution in India?

Tertiary health care institution are those hospitals which have advanced level equipment and medicine's and undertake all the complicated health problems which could not be managed by primary and secondary health care centers.

17. Why is energy a component of infrastructure?

Because energy is the life line of entire production activity. Industrial production is not possible if energy is not available. Even agriculture needs energy to operate tubewells tractors etc.

18. What are primary health care centers in India?

Primary health care centers are hospitals set up in villages and small towns. They are generally managed by a single doctor. They have limited quantity of medicines and equipments.

19. What is the relationship between infrastructure and production?

Good infrastructure raises productivity and lowers production cost. There is a direct and proportional relationship between infrastructure and production.

20. What is solar - photovoltaic programme?

Under this programme, photovoltaic cells are used for conversion of solar light in to electricity for lighting and other purposes.

21. How can energy be saved through CFL?

 According to the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) CFLs consume 80% less power compared to ordinary bulbs. Replacement of one million 100 walt bulbs with 20 walts CFL can save 80 megawatt in power generation. This amounts to saving 400 crores at the rate of institution cost of Rs. 5 crores per megawatt.

22. What are the main causes of premature death in India?

The main causes of premature deaths in India are :

i) Non availability of medical care facilities

ii) Because of particular disease which are not very popular in medical sciences.

iii) Expensive medical facilities which cannot be availed by poor or middle class people.

23. Write down the non conventional sources of energy?

 Solar energy, wind energy, Biomass energy and biogas energy are the non conventional sources of energy.

24. Give the two categories of infrastructure with examples?

 i) Economic Infrastructure (Energy , transportation & communication )

  ii) Social Infrastructure (Education , health and housing )

25. Name any four states which are relatively lagging in health care facilities?

     Bihar, Madhya pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar pradesh are relatively lagging behind in health care facilities.