The __________ is the top layer which has very fine particles and is made up of the decayed remains of plants and animals.

___________ is caused by changes in temperature, pressure, crystal growth or by wind - blown sand.

Right at the bottom of the soil profile is the ___________.

The second layer is the ___________.

Gradation is broadly divided into _________ types.

__________ is the process of the removal of the top layer of the soil on a large scale by rainwater, wind or human activity.

__________ happens when a thin sheet of soil is washed away down hill, more or less uniformly, by rain.

___________ essentially means the use of techniques which will protect the soil from the agents of erosion like wind and water.

_________ made up of sand, silt and clay.

__________ is also known as 'H' horizon.