The destructive consequences of tensions between in-groups and out-groups are stressed by:
functionalists
conflict theorists
interactionists
classical theorists
The purpose of a reference group is to serve a(n):
normative function by enforcing standards of conduct and belief
comparison function by serving as a standard against which people can measure themselves and others
elimination function by dissolving groups that no longer have a social purpose
both a and b
The president of the United States need not be a good typist; a surgeon need not be able to fill a cavity. This is because of the bureaucratic characteristic of:
division of labor
impersonality
employment based on technical qualifications
written rules and regulations
_______________ groups often emerge in the workplace among those who share special understandings about their occupation.
primary
secondary
out-groups
formal organizations
What are the social implications of a shift towards the virtual office?
Supervisors will find that performance goals must be defined more clearly, which may lead to further bureaucratization.
It will increase autonomy and job satisfaction for many employees.
It will lead to greater worker privacy and job security.
Close friends who have known each other since childhood would be an example of a(n):
primary group
secondary group
out-group
formal organization
When workers organized unions and forced management to recognize that they were not objects, theorists of formal organizations began to revise the:
scientific management approach
human relations approach
None of these
Which of the following have expressed particular concern about the longevity of union leaders, who are not always responsive to the needs and demands of membership?
Claude is in a major automobile accident and is severely injured. When he is brought by ambulance to the hospital, he is refused admission because he cannot find his health insurance card. This situation would illustrate:
the Peter principle
trained incapacity
goal displacement
In larger groups each person has:
Less time to speak
More points of view to absorb
A more elaborate structure within which to function
All of the above